1) What is HTML?
HTML is short for HyperText Markup Language, and is the
language of the World Wide Web. It is the standard text formatting language
used for creating and displaying pages on the Web. HTML documents are made up
of two things: the content and the tags that formats it for proper display on
pages.
2) What are tags?
Content is placed in between HTML tags 0in order to properly
format it. It makes use of the less than symbol (<) and the greater than
symbol (>). A slash symbol is also used as a closing tag.
3) Do all HTML tags come in pair?
No, there are single HTML tags that does not need a closing
tag. Examples are the <img> tag and <br> tags.
4) What are some of the common lists that can be used when
designing a page?
You can insert any or a combination of the following list
types:
- ordered list
- unordered list
- definition list
- menu list
- directory list
Each of this list types makes use of a different tag set to compose
- ordered list
- unordered list
- definition list
- menu list
- directory list
Each of this list types makes use of a different tag set to compose
5) How do you insert a comment in html?
Comments in html begins with “<!–”nd ends with “–>”.
6) Do all character entities display properly on all
systems?
No, there are some character entities that cannot be
displayed when the operating system that the browser is running on does not
support the characters. When that happens, these characters are displayed as
boxes.
7) What is image map?
Image map lets you link to many different web pages using a
single image. You can define shapes in images that you want to make part of an
image mapping.
8 ) What is the advantage of collapsing white space?
White spaces are blank sequence of space characters, which
is actually treated as a single space character in html. Because the browser
collapses multiple space into a single space, you can indent lines of text
without worrying about multiple spaces. This enables you to organize the html
code into a much more readable format.
9) Can attribute values be set to anything or are there
specific values that they accept?
Some attribute values can be set to only predefined values.
Other attributes can accept any numerical value that represents the number of
pixels for a size.
10) How do you insert a copyright symbol on a browser page?
To insert the copyright symbol, you need to type ©
or & #169; in an HTML file.
11) How do you create links to sections within the same
page?
Links can be created using the <a> tag, with
referencing through the use of the number (#) symbol. For example, you can have
one line as <a href=”#topmost”>BACK TO TOP</a>, which would result
in the words “BACK TO TOP” appearing on the webpage and links to a bookmark
named topmost. You then create a separate tag command like <a
name=”topmost”> somewhere on the top of the same webpage so that the user
will be linked to that spot when he clicked on “BACK TO TOP”.
12) Is there any way to keep list elements straight in an
html file?
By using indents, you can keep the list elements straight.
If you indent each subnested list in further than the parent list that contains
it, you can at a glance determine the various lists and the elements that it
contains.
13) If you see a web address on a magazine, to which web
page does it point?
Every web page on the web can have a separate web address.
Most of these addresses are relative to the top-most web page. The published
web address that appears within magazines typically points this top-most page.
From this top level page, you can access all other pages within the web site.
14) What is the use of using alternative text in image
mapping?
When you use image maps, it can easily become confusing and
difficult to determine which hotspots corresponds with which links. Using
alternative text lets you put a descriptive text on each hotspot link.
15) Do older html files work on newer browsers?
Yes, older html files are compliant to the HTML standard.
Most older files work on the newer browsers, though some features may not work.
16) Does a hyperlink apply to text only?
No, hyperlinks can be used on text as well as images. That
means you can convert an image into a link that will allow user to link to
another page when clicked. Just surround the image within the <a href=”
“>…</a> tag combinations.
17) If the user’s operating system does not support the
needed character, how can the symbol be represented?
In cases wherein their operating system does not support a
particular character, it is still possible to display that character by showing
it as an image instead.
18) How do you change the number type in the middle of a
list?
The <li> tag includes two attributes – type and value.
The type attribute can be used to change the numbering type for any list item.
The value attribute can change the number index.
19) What are style sheets?
Style sheets enable you to build consistent, transportable,
and well-defined style templates. These templates can be linked to several
different web pages, making it easy to maintain and change the look and feel of
all the web pages within a site.
20) What bullet types are available?
With ordered lists, you can select to use a number of
different list types including alphabetical and Roman numerals. The type
attribute for unordered lists can be set to disc, square, or circle.
21) How do you create multicolored text in a webpage?
To create text with different colors, use the <font
color=”color”>…</font> tags for every character that you want to apply
a color. You can use this tag combination as many times as needed, surrounding
a single character or an entire word.
22) Why are there both numerical and named character entity
values?
The numerical values are taken from the ASCII values for the
various characters, but these can be difficult to remember. Because of this,
named character entity values were created to make it easier for web page
designers to use.
23) What is the advantage of grouping several checkboxes
together?
Although checkboxes don’t affect one another, grouping
checkboxes together helps to organize them. Checkbox buttons can have their own
name and do not need to belong to a group. A single web page can have many
different groups of checkboxes.
24) What will happen if you overlap sets of tags?
If two sets of html tags are overlapped, only the first tag
will be recognized. You will recognize this problem when the text does not
display properly on the browser screen.
25) What are applets?
Applets are small programs that can be embedded within web
pages to perform some specific functionality, such as computations, animations,
and information processing. Applets are written using the Java language.
26) What if there is no text between the tags or if a text
was omitted by mistake? Will it affect the display of the html file?
If there is no text between the tags, then there is nothing
to format, so no formatting will appear. Some tags, especially tags without a
closing tag like the <img> tag, do not require any text between them.
27) Is it possible to set specific colors for table borders?
You can specify a border color using style sheets, but the
colors for a table that does not use style sheets will be the same as the text
color.
28) How do you create a link that will connect to another
web page when clicked?
To create hyperlinks, or links that connect to another web
page, use the href tag. The general format for this is: <a
href=”site”>text</a>
Replace “site” with the actual page url that is supposed to be linked to when the text is clicked.
Replace “site” with the actual page url that is supposed to be linked to when the text is clicked.
29) What other ways can be used to align images and wrap
text?
Tables can be used to position text and images. Another
useful way to wrap text around an image is to use style sheets.
30) Can a single text link point to two different web pages?
No. The <a> tag can accept only a single href
attribute, and it can point to only a single web page.
31) What is the difference between the directory and menu
lists and the unordered list?
The key differences is that the directory and menu lists do
not include attributes for changing the bullet style.
32) Can you change the color of bullets?
The bullet color is always the same as that of the first
character in the list litem. If you surround the <li> and the first
character with a set of <font> tags with the color attribute set, the
bullet color and the first character will be a different color from the text.
33) What are the limits of the text field size?
The default size for a text field is around 13 characters,
but if you include the size attribute, you can set the size value to be as low
as 1. The maximum size value will be determined by the browser width. If the
size attribute is set to 0, the size will be set to the default size of 13
characters.
34) Do <th> tags always need to come at the start of a
row or column?
Any <tr> tag can be changed to a <th> tag. This
causes the text contained within the <th> tag to be displayed as bold in
the browser. Although <th> tags are mainly used for headings, they do not
need to be used exclusively for headings.
35) What is the relationship between the border and rule
attributes?
Default cell borders, with a thickness of 1 pixel, are
automatically added between cells if the border attribute is set to a nonzero
value. Likewise, If the border attribute is not included, a default 1-pixel
border appears if the rules attribute is added to the <table> tag.
36) What is a marquee?
A marquee allows you to put a scrolling text in a web page.
To do this, place whatever text you want to appear scrolling within the <marquee>
and </marquee> tags.
37) Are <br> tags the only way to separate sections of
text?
No. The <br> tag is only one way to separate lines of
text. Other tags, like the <p> tag and <blockquote> tag, also
separate sections of text.
38) Are there instances where text will appear outside of
the browser?
By default, the text is wrapped to appear within the browser
window. However, if the text is part of a table cell with a defined width, the
text could extend beyond the browser window.
39) How are active links different from normal links?
The default color for normal and active links is blue. Some
browsers recognize an active link when the mouse cursor is placed over that
link; others recognize active links when the link has the focus. Those that
don’t have a mouse cursor over that link is considered a normal link.
40) Do style sheets limit the number of new style
definitions that can be included within the brackets?
Style sheets do not limit the number of style definitions
that can be included within the brackets for a given selector. Every new style
definition, however, must be separated from the others by a semicolon symbol.
41) Can I specify fractional weight values such as 670 or
973 for font weight?
Implementation largely depends on the browser, but the
standard does not support fractional weight values. Acceptable values must end
with two zeroes.
42) What is the hierarchy that is being followed when it comes
to style sheets?
If a single selector includes three different style
definitions, the definition that is closest to the actual tag takes precedence.
Inline style takes priority over embedded style sheets, which takes priority
over external style sheets.
43) Can several selectors with class names be grouped
together?
You can define several selectors with the same style
definition by separating them with commas. This same technique also works for
selectors with class names.
44) What happens if you open the external CSS file in a
browser?
If you try to open the external CSS file in a browser, the
browser cannot open the file, because the file has a different extension. The
only way to use an external CSS file is to reference it using <link/> tag
within another html document.
45) What happens if the list-style-type property is used on
a non-list element like a paragraph?
If the list-style-type property is used on a non-list
element like a paragraph, the property will be ignored and have no effect on
the paragraph.
46) When is it appropriate to use frames?
Frames can make navigating a site much easier. If the main
links to the site are located in a frame that appears at the top or along the
edge of the browser, the content for those links can be displayed in the
remainder of the browser window.
47) What happens if the number of values in the rows or cols
attribute doesn’t add up to 100 percent?
The browser sizes the frames relative to the total sum of
the values. If the cols attribute is set to 100%, 200%, the browser displays
two vertical frames with the second being twice as big as the first.